Definitions

Data collection is based on definitions approved by the participating Member States. The Definitions below have been shortened and edited for publication purpose.

• Macroeconomic data: GDP, general government expenditure and population are based on data from Eurostat.

• Total defence expenditure is defined as total Ministry of Defence (MoD) expenditure and defence related expenditure from other sources (other Ministries' special budgetary lines).

• Civilian personnel: the authorised strength of all civilian personnel on 31 December of each year employed by all military establishments and the Armed Forces.

• Military personnel: the authorised strengths of all active military personnel on 31 December of each year; includes all personnel in uniform who can operate under military command and can be deployed outside national territory.

• Internal security military personnel: gendarmerie-type forces, financed by the MoD budget, but dedicated solely to internal security tasks.

• Personnel expenditure: all personnel-related expenditure for military and civilian personnel, including from non-MoD sources.

• Infrastructure/construction expenditure: expenditure for all construction of fixed military installations necessary for the exercise of command and efficient functioning of military forces, including country's share in multinationally funded military construction/infrastructure.

• Investment: defence equipment procurement and R&D (including R&T) expenditure.

• Defence equipment procurement expenditure: expenditure for all major equipment categories, that are not included in O&M spending.

• Defence Research and Development (R&D) expenditure: any R&D programmes up to the point where expenditure for production of equipment starts to be incurred. R&D includes R&T.

• Defence Research and Technology (R&T) expenditure: expenditure for basic research, applied research and technology demonstration for defence purposes. It is a subset of R&D expenditure.

• Operation and Maintenance (O&M) expenditure: covers O&M (spare parts and supplies) of major equipment, other equipment and supplies, and costs related to maintaining utilities and infrastructure.

• Operations costs: all national expenditure to cover incremental (extra) costs linked to deployed operations outside the EU Member States' territory.

• Outsourcing: defence expenditure for which services have been contracted at central level with service suppliers from outside the MoD and/or Armed Forces.

• Collaboration: agreement by at least two Ministries of Defence for project or programme contracts.

• European Collaboration (a subset of Collaboration): agreement by at least two EU Member States' Ministries of Defence for project or programme contracts. Possible non-EU partners' share in such contracts is lower than 50%.

• Average number of troops deployed: average number of troops deployed throughout the year by all EDA participating Member States (all Armed Forces).

• Deployable (Land) Forces: strength of (Land) Forces troops structured, prepared and equipped for deployed operations (the NATO 50% usability target).

• Sustainable (Land) Forces: strength of (Land) Forces troops undertaking or planned for sustained operations, including those on high readiness standby (the NATO 10% usability target). It is a subset of Deployable (Land) Forces.

Note: until 2008 Personnel expenditure had a breakdown: (1) Pay and allowances paid to: military personnel; civilian personnel. (2) Pensions – only if paid directly by the MoD to: retired military personnel; retired civilian employees.